美國大學的畢業演講
① 哈佛大學的成功演講
哈佛有一個著名的理論：人的差別在於業余時間，而一個人的命運決定於晚上8點到10點之間。每晚抽出2個小時的時間用來閱讀、進修、思考或參加有意的演講、討論，你會發現，你的人生正在發生改變，堅持數年之後，成功會向你招手。以下是我為大家整理的關於哈佛大學的成功演講，歡迎閱讀!
哈佛大學的成功演講1：
根據這所古老學府的傳統，我該慷慨激昂地傳授你們一些終身受用的智慧。而現在我站在講壇上，這身打扮也許已經嚇壞了那些聲名顯赫的祖先們，說不定某些先人還會因此得出巫婆滅絕的根源。可我既然來了，你們也都在，那麼我們還是來聊聊真理吧。
其實，早在2007年冬我剛上任那時，我就已經開始准備這次講話了。
當時我在克蘭學舍吃午飯、在萊弗里特吃晚飯時，當我在辦公時間接見同學時，甚至當我在國外偶遇剛畢業不久的學生時，同學們都會問我一個問題：為什麼我們哈佛的學生中，有那麼多人會投身到金融、咨詢和電子銀行領域中去?
我今天就引用威利頓的話來回答你們。當他被問到為什麼搶銀行時，他說：銀行里有很多錢。
高薪，無可抗拒的盲從應聘心理，到紐約和眾多朋友一起工作、生活，享受人生的那種踏實感，使大家奮不顧身地投入到那些領域。
比起回答你們的問題，我更有興趣知道你們為什麼會這么問，為什麼這個問題會困擾這么多人?
我想，你們之所以會憂心忡忡，是因為你們不想僅僅取得傳統意義上的成功，還想讓人生過得有意義，可你們不知道怎麼把這兩個目標結合起來。你們不確定，是不是在一家大名鼎鼎的名牌企業中擁有一份起薪豐厚、前途光明的工作，就能得到精神上的滿足。
其實你們一直在問的都是一些最基本的問題：關於價值、關於怎樣去調和有可能存在競爭的事物之間的關系、關於魚和熊掌不可兼得的領悟。你們現在正處於一個需要作出選擇的過渡階段。選擇了其中任何一項比如工作、事業或者讀研究生就意味著要舍棄其他的選擇。每一個決定都意味著取捨擁抱一種可能性的同時也得放棄一種可能性。你們的問題就是你們對於未來選擇的路的失落感。
你們之所以焦慮，是因為你們想獲取成功。你們很清楚，受教育不僅僅是為了改變自己的現狀，讓自己過得舒坦、滿足，而是為了改變你們周圍的現狀。現在，到了你們去設法實現這個可能的時候了。
我想，你們焦慮的第二個原因是你們想過得幸福。你們扎堆選修《樂觀心理學》和《幸福學》，就是想從中找到一點秘訣。可怎樣才能找到幸福呢?我給你們一個鼓舞人心的答案：成長。調查表明，年紀越大的人比如說我這個歲數的人就比年輕人的幸福感更強烈。
每當聽到你們談論自己面臨的選擇時，我聽得出來，你們非常擔憂處理不好成功與幸福的關系，確切地說，怎麼樣去定義成功才能讓它帶來或者包含真正的幸福，而不只是金錢與名望。你們擔心報酬高的工作不一定最有意義、最令人滿足。
答案是：只有試過了你才知道。如果你不試著去做自己喜歡做的事，如果你不試著去追求你認為最有意義的東西，你會後悔的。人生路漫漫，選擇第二志願的機會多的是，但不要把它作為首選。
我把這個叫做職業選擇中的停車位理論：不要因為沒有停車位就把車停在距離目的地20個街區遠的地方。想去哪兒就去哪，之後再折回到你該去的地方。
最重要的是牢記我們對於你們高得不可能再高的期望。就算你們覺得我們的期望高得不可能再高，也要記住，我們的期望像北極星一樣，可以指引你們到達對自己、對這個世界都有意義的彼岸。你們的人生意義幾何，全在乎你們自己。
我都迫不及待地想看到你們取得的成就了。有時間的話，回來看看，和我們分享你們的成就。
哈佛大學的成功演講2：
失敗只是另尋他路
奧普拉溫弗瑞在哈佛大學畢業典禮上的演講
當你們跌倒時，我要你們記住：不存在失敗這一說。失敗只是生活試圖讓我們走另一條路而已。當你們陷入困境時，只不過看起來像是失敗。
我感到非常榮幸，我想要為你們做點真正特別的事情。我想在你們的座位底下放上一堆免費的碩士和博士學位，不過你們已經自己搞定了。實話實說，為了與你們分享一些你們沒有聽過的東西，在過去的幾個星期里，我倍感壓力，因為你們都是哈佛的學生，我不是。雖然我不是哈佛的畢業生，但我覺得我的個性是很哈佛的。我參加過防火小姐選美比賽.那時我16歲，住在田納西州納什維爾，問答環節的問題是小姐，你長大後想成為什麼樣的人?等問到我的時候，好的答案都被別人說掉了。正好那天早上的《今日秀》嘉賓是芭芭拉沃爾特斯[2],所以我回答：我想要成為一名新聞工作者。我想要以一種不同的方式訴說別人的故事，給他們的生活、給這個世界帶來一點變化。當這些話從我嘴裡說出來的時候，我心想哇!說得太好了!我要成為一名新聞工作者。我給這個世界帶來一點變化。我19歲時就已經上電視了。1986年，我推出了自己的電視秀，一心一意地向成功邁進。我對那場選美比賽很緊張，結果成了我自己的比賽，每年都向著更高的標准邁進，不停地逼自己，用盡全力。有誰聽著覺得很熟悉嗎?最終，我們真的登上了巔峰，一待就是25年。
《奧普拉秀》是同時段收視第一的節目，並且保持了21年之久。我承認，如此成功讓我非常受用。但是幾年前我決定你們將來也會遇到的是時候重新開始了，去尋找新的大陸，開辟新的征程。所以我停掉了《奧普拉秀》，創立了OWN奧普拉溫弗瑞電視網。這個首字母縮寫簡直是為我量身定製的。在創業一年後，幾乎每一家媒體都宣稱我的新事業是一個失敗。不僅是個失敗，而且是慘敗，他們就是這么說的。我依然記得那天我翻開《今日美國》，看到一個標題奧普拉，立足未穩[3].我說不是吧，《今日美國》那可是份很穩的報紙啊![4]正是在去年的這個時候我的職業生涯陷入了最低谷。我壓力巨大，非常沮喪，坦白講，還很尷尬。就在那個時候福斯特校長打電話給我，邀請我給你們演講。我心想你居然要我給哈佛畢業生演講?他們可是世界上最成功的畢業生，而那時我恰恰與成功無緣。我能給他們講什麼?所以，掛了電話後，我去沖了個澡。當時我想，是去沖個澡呢，還是吃一袋奧利奧呢?我選擇了沖澡，沖了很久，沖的時候我突然想起了一首很老的聖歌的歌詞。你們可能沒聽過。歌詞是不久，黎明就會到來。我開始想黎明什麼時候能來，因為當時我覺得我深陷困境。歌詞繼續，沒有過不去的坎，這也會過去。沖完澡時我想，我要跨過這道坎，我會變得更好。到時候，我就要去哈佛，與大家分享這個道理!所以，今天我在這里告訴你們，我已經讓電視網起死回生了!
這完全是因為我想以一個成功者的姿態來給你們演講，所以非常感謝你們。你們不知道你們給了我怎樣的動力，謝謝。我更驕傲地告訴你們一個重要的道理，你們即使是哈佛的畢業生也未必知道，除非你們和納吉教授研究過古希臘英雄。今天早上，納吉教授在陪我來的路上對我說：溫弗里女士，請果敢地走路。
我要果敢地走路。
這就是我要說的。你們能走多遠並不重要。你們早晚會跌跤，只要你們和我們一樣，不停地提高標准。如果你們不停地追求更高，那麼根據平均律，在某一個時刻，你們就會跌倒，更別說還有伊卡洛斯的前車之鑒[5].當你們跌倒時，我要你們記住：不存在失敗這一說。失敗只是生活試圖讓我們走另一條路而已。當你們陷入困境時，只不過看起來像是失敗。所以，過去的一年裡，我不停地用這些話給自己打氣。當你們陷入困境時，當那個時刻到來時，感到郁悶是理所當然的。給自己一點時間，為你們認為可能失去的東西難過，但之後才是關鍵從每一個錯誤中吸取教訓，因為每一段經歷、遭遇，特別是你們的錯誤，會教給你們一些東西，並迫使你們變成更為真實的自己。然後想想下一步應該做什麼。
生活的要訣是在內心創建一套道德和情感的GPS(全球定位系統)，讓它能告訴你應該走哪條路。因為，從現在起，當你在谷歌的搜索框內輸入自己的名字時，結果會顯示哈佛，2013.在一個競爭異常激烈的世界，這可是一張名片啊，因為，作為一個有很多員工的老闆，我可以告訴你們，當我看到哈佛二字時，我會稍稍坐直身體，說：他/她在哪兒?讓他/她進來。這是一張閃亮的名片，而且能通向更為燦爛的前程律師、參議員、首席執行官、科學家、物理學家、諾貝爾獎和普利策獎獲得者，或者深夜脫口秀主持人。但我發現，生活的挑戰是打造一份簡歷，讓它訴說的故事不僅能告訴別人你想變成什麼樣，還能讓他們知道你想成為誰;不僅能告訴別人你想要成就的事業，還能讓他們知道你的理由;不僅羅列出一串頭銜和職位，還能說出你的目標。因為，當你們不可避免地跌倒，發現自己陷於困境的時候，你們簡歷上的故事將會讓你們東山再起。
你理想的職業是什麼?你的道德准則是什麼?你的目標是什麼?我自己是在1994年想到的，當時我訪問一個小女孩，她決定把零用錢積攢起來，幫助其他有需要的人。她自己一個人募集了一千美元。我想，如果那個9歲的小女孩兒僅憑一個小桶和一顆大大的愛心就能做到那樣，我能做什麼呢?所以我讓我們的觀眾拿出自己的零用錢。一個月後，我們零零散散地募集到了三百多萬美元零錢。我們在美國每一個州挑選出一名學生，用這筆錢來供他們讀大學。後來就有了天使網路(Angel Network)。
這個天使網路，不僅僅改變了受助者的生活，還改變了幫助者的生活。它讓我們知道，即使我們的身份、長相和信仰千差萬別，我們都有可能走到一起，為一個共同的目標共同努力。更重要的是，這會讓我們變得強大。最近一期《比爾穆爾秀》讓我深深認識到了這一點。那期的嘉賓是大衛和弗朗辛魏勒夫婦。他們在桑迪岬慘案[6]中失去了7歲的兒子本。在他們接受訪談的時候，加強背景檢查的槍支安全提案剛剛遭到國會否決。即便如此，他們依然表達了他們有多麼不願放棄。弗朗辛說：我們的心碎了，但精神沒有崩潰。我要告訴他們(國會議員)，一場關於改變的對話的本質其實是愛，而且我不會採用對抗的方式。然後她的丈夫大衛補充道：你絕不能把與你觀點不同的人妖魔化，或對他們惡語中傷。因為你一旦那樣做了，你們的對話就結束了。我們不能再那樣做了。這個問題太大了，必須想辦法讓光明驅散這片黑暗。
瑪婭安傑洛常說：當你學會了，去教。當你得到了，去給。我的朋友，那才是賦予你的故事目標和意義的東西。所以，你們都有以自己的方式去創建你們自己的天使網路的力量。當你們這么做的時候，你們這一屆人將會被賦予更多的工具，影響和力量，超過以前的任何一代人。我有幸獲得了一個平台，在巔峰時期每天擁有近20,000,000名觀眾。現在，在一個推特、臉書、Youtube和Tumbler大行其道的世界，你們在幾秒鍾里就能獲得數十億觀眾。
我要說在過去25年的脫口秀生涯中，我學到的最重要的一課是，我們所有人都有一個共同點。我們絕大多數人，我告訴你們，都不想成為異類。我們想要得到肯定，這是我在每一期訪談中發現的共同點。我們渴望理解。在我的職業生涯中，我做了35000多期訪談，每次攝像機一關，每一個人都轉向我，以他們自己的方式問我一個問題剛才還可以嗎?無一例外。布希總統問過，奧巴馬總統問過。英雄問過，家庭主婦問過。受害者問過，罪犯問過。連碧昂絲也問過。她表演結束後，把麥克風遞給我，問：剛才還可以嗎?所有人的朋友和家人，你們的，敵人的，陌生人的，在每一次交流、每一次溝通中，他們都想知道一件事：剛才還可以嗎?即使這里是臉書的誕生地，我依然希望你們可以試著走出去，與持有不同觀點的人進行更多面對面的交流。
如今的世界，生活節奏飛快，人與人之間保持距離，隱匿身份。希望你們有勇氣直視持有不同觀點的人的眼睛，傾聽他們的觀點，確保我們依然能夠站在別人的角度看待問題，並認識到全人類所具有的共性。不論是對於你們個人，還是對於我們國家的成功，這都至關重要。你們每一個人，我們所有人心中都有一道光，只要你不擋住它，就會照亮你的本真。
我知道，在即將離開舒適的校園並讓那些哈佛的證書接受檢驗之際，你們現在可能都有點焦慮和猶豫。但無論你們遇到什麼挑戰或挫折，你們都會找到真正的成功和幸福，只要你們只有一個目標，目標真的只有一個，那就是：做最真實的自己。
神學家霍華德瑟曼做了最好的闡述。他說：不要問你自己世界需要什麼，問你自己是什麼讓你充滿活力?世界需要勞德爾堡的邁克爾斯托爾岑貝格那樣的人。當邁克爾只有8歲的時候，一場細菌感染讓他失去了雙手雙腳，還差點送命。這個活潑的小男孩兒一下子被截去了四肢，人生就此改變。但是，失去了曾經的自己的邁克爾發現了他想要成為誰。他不願整日坐在輪椅上自怨自艾，他穿上假肢，重新學會了走路、奔跑和玩耍，中學時還加入了校長曲棍球隊。上個月，當他得知波士頓馬拉松爆炸中很多受害者將會被截肢時，邁克爾決定讓光明驅散那片黑暗。邁克爾和他哥哥哈里斯創辦了Mikeysrun.com,要在哈里斯參加2014年波士頓馬拉松賽跑之前為那些受害者籌集100萬美元。當年波士頓像個大家庭那樣組織起來支持邁克爾;現在，在離這里1000多英里的地方這兩兄弟正以同樣的方式號召人們支持波士頓。當這個13歲的小孩被問及與他同病相憐的待截肢者時，他說：首先他們會很傷心。他們會失去永遠無法拿回的東西，這很可怕。當時我也很害怕。但是他們會沒事的。他們只是暫時還不知道。
我有信心，無論如何，2013屆的畢業生們，你們會沒事的，你們還會讓我們的國家也沒事的。我的信心來自於那個募集零花錢的9歲的小女孩兒。我的信心來自於大衛和弗朗辛魏勒。我的信心來自於邁克爾和哈里斯斯托爾岑貝格。我的信心來自於你們，坐著下面的一群天使。
你們時不時會絆腳、跌倒，你們一定會碰到的，這是必然的，你們會對自己的道路產生疑問和懷疑。但是我知道，如果你們願意聽從並接受內心GPS的引導，去發現是什麼讓你們保持活力，你們一定會沒事的。你們會幸福、成功，讓世界有所不同。祝賀你們，2013屆畢業生。祝賀你們的家人和朋友。祝你們好運，感謝你們的聆聽。我講得還可以嗎?
② 史蒂夫．喬布斯05年在斯坦福大學畢業典禮上的演講稿。謝謝
5213zxjx果CEO喬布斯在斯坦福大學的演講稿[中英]蘋果計算機公司CEO史蒂夫•喬布斯6.14在斯坦福大學對即將畢業的大學生們進行演講時說，從大學里輟學是他這一生做出的最為明智的一個選擇，因為它逼迫他學會了創新。 喬布斯對操場上擠的滿滿的畢業生、校友和家長們說：「你的時間有限，所以最好別把它浪費在模仿別人這種事上。」 －－同樣地，如果還在學校的話，似乎不應該去模仿退學的牛人們。
You've got to find what you love,' Jobs says
Jobs說，你必須要找到你所愛的東西。
This is the text of the Commencement address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005.
這是蘋果公司和Pixar動畫工作室的CEO Steve Jobs於2005年6月12號在斯坦福大學的畢業典禮上面的演講稿。
I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories.
我今天很榮幸能和你們一起參加畢業典禮，斯坦福大學是世界上最好的大學之一。我從來沒有從大學中畢業。說實話,今天也許是在我的生命中離大學畢業最近的一天了。今天我想向你們講述我生活中的三個故事。不是什麼大不了的事情,只是三個故事而已。
The first story is about connecting the dots.
第一個故事是關於如何把生命中的點點滴滴串連起來。
I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?
我在Reed大學讀了六個月之後就退學了,但是在十八個月以後——我真正的作出退學決定之前,我還經常去學校。我為什麼要退學呢？
It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" They said: "Of course." My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graated from college and that my father had never graated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.
故事從我出生的時候講起。我的親生母親是一個年輕的,沒有結婚的大學畢業生。她決定讓別人收養我, 她十分想讓我被大學畢業生收養。所以在我出生的時候，她已經做好了一切的准備工作，能使得我被一個律師和他的妻子所收養。但是她沒有料到,當我出生之後,律師夫婦突然決定他們想要一個女孩。 所以我的生養父母（他們還在我親生父母的觀察名單上）突然在半夜接到了一個電話:「我們現在這兒有一個不小心生出來的男嬰,你們想要他嗎？」他們回答道:「當然！」但是我親生母親隨後發現，我的養母從來沒有上過大學,我的父親甚至從沒有讀過高中。她拒絕簽這個收養合同。只是在幾個月以後,我的父母答應她一定要讓我上大學,那個時候她才同意。
And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.
在十七歲那年,我真的上了大學。但是我很愚蠢的選擇了一個幾乎和你們斯坦福大學一樣貴的學校, 我父母還處於藍領階層，他們幾乎把所有積蓄都花在了我的學費上面。在六個月後, 我已經看不到其中的價值所在。我不知道我想要在生命中做什麼,我也不知道大學能幫助我找到怎樣的答案。 但是在這里，我幾乎花光了我父母這一輩子的所有積蓄。所以我決定要退學,我覺得這是個正確的決定。不能否認,我當時確實非常的害怕, 但是現在回頭看看,那的確是我這一生中最棒的一個決定。在我做出退學決定的那一刻, 我終於可以不必去讀那些令我提不起絲毫興趣的課程了。然後我還可以去修那些看起來有點意思的課程。
It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:
但是這並不是那麼羅曼蒂克。我失去了我的宿舍,所以我只能在朋友房間的地板上面睡覺,我去撿5美分的可樂瓶子，僅僅為了填飽肚子, 在星期天的晚上,我需要走七英里的路程，穿過這個城市到Hare Krishna寺廟（註：位於紐約Brooklyn下城）,只是為了能吃上飯——這個星期唯一一頓好一點的飯。但是我喜歡這樣。我跟著我的直覺和好奇心走, 遇到的很多東西,此後被證明是無價之寶。讓我給你們舉一個例子吧：
Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating.
Reed大學在那時提供也許是全美最好的美術字課程。在這個大學裡面的每個海報, 每個抽屜的標簽上面全都是漂亮的美術字。因為我退學了, 沒有受到正規的訓練, 所以我決定去參加這個課程，去學學怎樣寫出漂亮的美術字。我學到了san serif 和serif字體, 我學會了怎麼樣在不同的字母組合之中改變空格的長度, 還有怎麼樣才能作出最棒的印刷式樣。那是一種科學永遠不能捕捉到的、美麗的、真實的藝術精妙, 我發現那實在是太美妙了。
None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.
當時看起來這些東西在我的生命中，好像都沒有什麼實際應用的可能。但是十年之後,當我們在設計第一台Macintosh電腦的時候,就不是那樣了。我把當時我學的那些傢伙全都設計進了Mac。那是第一台使用了漂亮的印刷字體的電腦。如果我當時沒有退學, 就不會有機會去參加這個我感興趣的美術字課程, Mac就不會有這么多豐富的字體，以及賞心悅目的字體間距。那麼現在個人電腦就不會有現在這么美妙的字型了。當然我在大學的時候，還不可能把從前的點點滴滴串連起來,但是當我十年後回顧這一切的時候,真的豁然開朗了。
Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.
再次說明的是,你在向前展望的時候不可能將這些片斷串連起來；你只能在回顧的時候將點點滴滴串連起來。所以你必須相信這些片斷會在你未來的某一天串連起來。你必須要相信某些東西：你的勇氣、目的、生命、因緣。這個過程從來沒有令我失望（let me down）,只是讓我的生命更加地與眾不同而已。
My second story is about love and loss.
我的第二個故事是關於愛和損失的。
I was lucky – I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation - the Macintosh - a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire alt life was gone, and it was devastating.
我非常幸運, 因為我在很早的時候就找到了我鍾愛的東西。Woz和我在二十歲的時候就在父母的車庫裡面開創了蘋果公司。我們工作得很努力, 十年之後, 這個公司從那兩個車庫中的窮光蛋發展到了超過四千名的雇員、價值超過二十億的大公司。在公司成立的第九年,我們剛剛發布了最好的產品,那就是Macintosh。我也快要到三十歲了。在那一年, 我被炒了魷魚。你怎麼可能被你自己創立的公司炒了魷魚呢? 嗯,在蘋果快速成長的時候，我們僱用了一個很有天分的傢伙和我一起管理這個公司, 在最初的幾年,公司運轉的很好。但是後來我們對未來的看法發生了分歧, 最終我們吵了起來。當爭吵不可開交的時候, 董事會站在了他的那一邊。所以在三十歲的時候, 我被炒了。在這么多人的眼皮下我被炒了。在而立之年，我生命的全部支柱離自己遠去, 這真是毀滅性的打擊。
I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me – I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.
在最初的幾個月里，我真是不知道該做些什麼。我把從前的創業激情給丟了, 我覺得自己讓與我一同創業的人都很沮喪。我和David Pack和Bob Boyce見面，並試圖向他們道歉。我把事情弄得糟糕透頂了。但是我漸漸發現了曙光, 我仍然喜愛我從事的這些東西。蘋果公司發生的這些事情絲毫的沒有改變這些, 一點也沒有。我被驅逐了,但是我仍然鍾愛它。所以我決定從頭再來。
I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.
我當時沒有覺察, 但是事後證明, 從蘋果公司被炒是我這輩子發生的最棒的事情。因為，作為一個成功者的極樂感覺被作為一個創業者的輕松感覺所重新代替: 對任何事情都不那麼特別看重。這讓我覺得如此自由, 進入了我生命中最有創造力的一個階段。
During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I retuned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.
在接下來的五年裡, 我創立了一個名叫NeXT的公司, 還有一個叫Pixar的公司, 然後和一個後來成為我妻子的優雅女人相識。Pixar 製作了世界上第一個用電腦製作的動畫電影——「」玩具總動員」,Pixar現在也是世界上最成功的電腦製作工作室。在後來的一系列運轉中,Apple收購了NeXT, 然後我又回到了Apple公司。我們在NeXT發展的技術在Apple的復興之中發揮了關鍵的作用。我還和Laurence 一起建立了一個幸福的家庭。
I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don't settle.
我可以非常肯定,如果我不被Apple開除的話, 這其中一件事情也不會發生的。這個良葯的味道實在是太苦了,但是我想病人需要這個葯。有些時候, 生活會拿起一塊磚頭向你的腦袋上猛拍一下。不要失去信心。我很清楚唯一使我一直走下去的，就是我做的事情令我無比鍾愛。你需要去找到你所愛的東西。對於工作是如此, 對於你的愛人也是如此。你的工作將會占據生活中很大的一部分。你只有相信自己所做的是偉大的工作, 你才能怡然自得。如果你現在還沒有找到, 那麼繼續找、不要停下來、全心全意的去找, 當你找到的時候你就會知道的。就像任何真誠的關系, 隨著歲月的流逝只會越來越緊密。所以繼續找，直到你找到它，不要停下來！
My third story is about death.
我的第三個故事是關於死亡的。
When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "No" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.
當我十七歲的時候, 我讀到了一句話:「如果你把每一天都當作生命中最後一天去生活的話,那麼有一天你會發現你是正確的。」這句話給我留下了深刻的印象。從那時開始,過了33年,我在每天早晨都會對著鏡子問自己:「如果今天是我生命中的最後一天, 你會不會完成你今天想做的事情呢？」當答案連續很多次被給予「不是」的時候, 我知道自己需要改變某些事情了。
Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything – all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.
「記住你即將死去」是我一生中遇到的最重要箴言。它幫我指明了生命中重要的選擇。因為幾乎所有的事情, 包括所有的榮譽、所有的驕傲、所有對難堪和失敗的恐懼,這些在死亡面前都會消失。我看到的是留下的真正重要的東西。你有時候會思考你將會失去某些東西,「記住你即將死去」是我知道的避免這些想法的最好辦法。你已經赤身裸體了, 你沒有理由不去跟隨自己的心一起跳動。
About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn't even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.
大概一年以前, 我被診斷出癌症。我在早晨七點半做了一個檢查, 檢查清楚的顯示在我的胰腺有一個腫瘤。我當時都不知道胰腺是什麼東西。醫生告訴我那很可能是一種無法治癒的癌症, 我還有三到六個月的時間活在這個世界上。我的醫生叫我回家, 然後整理好我的一切, 那就是醫生准備死亡的程序。那意味著你將要把未來十年對你小孩說的話在幾個月裡面說完.；那意味著把每件事情都搞定, 讓你的家人會盡可能輕松的生活；那意味著你要說「再見了」。
I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I'm fine now.
我整天和那個診斷書一起生活。後來有一天早上我作了一個活切片檢查，醫生將一個內窺鏡從我的喉嚨伸進去,通過我的胃, 然後進入我的腸子, 用一根針在我的胰腺上的腫瘤上取了幾個細胞。我當時很鎮靜,因為我被注射了鎮定劑。但是我的妻子在那裡, 後來告訴我，當醫生在顯微鏡地下觀察這些細胞的時候他們開始尖叫, 因為這些細胞最後竟然是一種非常罕見的可以用手術治癒的胰腺癌症。我做了這個手術, 現在我痊癒了。
This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:
那是我最接近死亡的時候, 我還希望這也是以後的幾十年最接近的一次。從死亡線上又活了過來, 死亡對我來說，只是一個有用但是純粹是知識上的概念的時候，我可以更肯定一點地對你們說：
No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life's change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will graally become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.
沒有人願意死, 即使人們想上天堂, 人們也不會為了去那裡而死。但是死亡是我們每個人共同的終點。從來沒有人能夠逃脫它。也應該如此。 因為死亡就是生命中最好的一個發明。它將舊的清除以便給新的讓路。你們現在是新的, 但是從現在開始不久以後, 你們將會逐漸的變成舊的然後被清除。我很抱歉這很戲劇性, 但是這十分的真實。
Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma - which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of other's opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.
When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notion
Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: "Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish." It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graate to begin anew, I wish that for you.
Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.
Thank you all very much.
③ 美國勵志人物大學演講稿中英文對照版，有哪些
Madam President Faust, members of the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, faculty, family, friends, and, most importantly, today's graates,x0dx0a尊敬的Faust校長，哈佛集團的各位成員，監管理事會的各位理事，各位老師，各位家長，各位朋友，以及最重要的各位畢業生同學，x0dx0a x0dx0aThank you for letting me share this wonderful day with you.x0dx0a感謝你們，讓我有機會同你們一起分享這個美妙的日子。x0dx0a x0dx0aI am not sure I can live up to the high standards of Harvard Commencement speakers. Last year, J.K. Rowling, the billionaire novelist, who started as a classics student, graced this podium. The year before, Bill Gates, the mega-billionaire philanthropist and computer nerd stood here. Today, sadly, you have me. I am not a billionaire, but at least I am a nerd.x0dx0a我不太肯定，自己夠得上哈佛大學畢業典禮演講人這樣的殊榮。去年登上這個講台的是，英國億萬身家的小說家J.K. Rowling女士，她最早是一個古典文學的學生。前年站在這里的是比爾•蓋茨先生，他是一個超級富翁、一個慈善家和電腦高手。今年很遺憾，你們的演講人是我，雖然我不是很有錢，但是至少我也算一個高手。x0dx0a x0dx0aI am grateful to receive an honorary degree from Harvard, an honor that means more to me than you might care to imagine. You see, I was the academic black sheep of my family. My older brother has an M.D./Ph.D. from MIT and Harvard while my younger brother has a law degree from Harvard. When I was awarded a Nobel Prize, I thought my mother would be pleased. Not so. When I called her on the morning of the announcement, she replied, "That's nice, but when are you going to visit me next." Now, as the last brother with a degree from Harvard, maybe, at last, she will be satisfied.x0dx0a我很感激哈佛大學給我榮譽學位，這對我很重要，也許比你們會想到的還要重要。要知道，在學術上，我是我們家的不肖之子。我的哥哥在麻省理工學院得到醫學博士，在哈佛大學得到哲學博士；我的弟弟在哈佛大學得到一個法律學位。我本人得到諾貝爾獎的時候，我想我的媽媽會高興。但是，我錯了。消息公布的那天早上，我給她打電話，她聽了只說："這是好消息，不過我想知道，你下次什麼時候來看我？"如今在我們兄弟當中，我最終也拿到了哈佛學位，我想這一次，她會感到滿意。x0dx0a x0dx0aAnother difficulty with giving a Harvard commencement address is that some of you may disapprove of the fact that I have borrowed material from previous speeches. I ask that you forgive me for two reasons.x0dx0a在哈佛大學畢業典禮上發表演講，還有一個難處，那就是你們中有些人可能有意見，不喜歡我重復前人演講中說過的話。我要求你們諒解我，因為兩個理由。x0dx0a x0dx0aFirst, in order to have impact, it is important to deliver the same message more than once. In science, it is important to be the first person to make a discovery, but it is even more important to be the last person to make that discovery.x0dx0a首先，為了產生影響力，很重要的方法就是重復傳遞同樣的信息。在科學中，第一個發現者是重要的，但是在得到公認前，最後一個將這個發現重復做出來的人也許更重要。x0dx0a x0dx0aSecond, authors who borrow from others are following in the footsteps of the best. Ralph Waldo Emerson, who graated from Harvard at the age of 18, noted "All my best thoughts were stolen by the ancients." Picasso declared "Good artists borrow. Great artists steal." Why should commencement speakers be held to a higher standard?x0dx0a其次，一個借鑒他人的作者，正走在一條前人開辟的最佳道路上。哈佛大學畢業生、詩人愛默生曾經寫下："古人把我最好的一些思想都偷走了。"畫家畢加索宣稱"優秀的藝術家借鑒，偉大的藝術家偷竊。"那麼為什麼畢業典禮的演說者，就不適用同樣的標准呢？x0dx0a x0dx0aI also want to point out the irony of speaking to graates of an institution that would have rejected me, had I the chutzpah to apply. I am married to "Dean Jean," the former dean of admissions at Stanford. She assures me that she would have rejected me, if given the chance. When I showed her a draft of this speech, she objected strongly to my use of the word "rejected." She never rejected applicants; her letters stated that "we are unable to offer you admission." I have difficulty understanding the difference. After all, deans of admissions of highly selective schools are in reality, "deans of rejection." Clearly, I have a lot to learn about marketing.x0dx0a我還要指出一點，向哈佛畢業生發表演說，對我來說是有諷刺意味的，因為如果當年我斗膽向哈佛大學遞交入學申請，一定會被拒絕。我的妻子Jean當過斯坦福大學的招生主任，她向我保證，如果當年我申請斯坦福大學，她會拒絕我。我把這篇演講的草稿給她過目，她強烈反對我使用"拒絕"這個詞，她從來不拒絕任何申請者。在拒絕信中，她總是寫："我們無法提供你入學機會。"我分不清兩者到底有何差別。在我看來，那些大熱門學校的招生主任與其稱為"准許你入學的主任"，還不如稱為"拒絕你入學的主任"。很顯然，我需要好好學學怎麼來推銷自己。x0dx0a x0dx0aMy address will follow the classical sonata form of commencement addresses. The first movement, just presented, were light-hearted remarks. This next movement consists of unsolicited advice, which is rarely valued, seldom remembered, never followed. As Oscar Wilde said, "The only thing to do with good advice is to pass it on. It is never of any use to oneself." So, here comes the advice. First, every time you celebrate an achievement, be thankful to those who made it possible. Thank your parents and friends who supported you, thank your professors who were inspirational, and especially thank the other professors whose less-than-brilliant lectures forced you to teach yourself. Going forward, the ability to teach yourself is the hallmark of a great liberal arts ecation and will be the key to your success. To your fellow students who have added immeasurably to your ecation ring those late night discussions, hug them. Also, of course, thank Harvard. Should you forget, there's an alumni association to remind you. Second, in your future life, cultivate a generous spirit. In all negotiations, don't bargain for the last, little advantage. Leave the change on the table. In your collaborations, always remember that "credit" is not a conserved quantity. In a successful collaboration, everybody gets 90 percent of the credit.x0dx0a畢業典禮演講都遵循古典奏鳴曲的結構，我的演講也不例外。剛才是第一樂章----輕快的閑談。接下來的第二樂章是送上門的忠告。這樣的忠告很少被重視，幾乎註定被忘記，永遠不會被實踐。但是，就像王爾德說的："對於忠告，你所能做的，就是把它送給別人，因為它對你沒有任何用處。"所以，下面就是我的忠告。第一，取得成就的時候，不要忘記前人。要感謝你的父母和支持你的朋友，要感謝那些啟發過你的教授，尤其要感謝那些上不好課的教授，因為他們迫使你自學。從長遠看，自學能力是優秀的文理教育中必不可少的，將成為你成功的關鍵。你還要去擁抱你的同學，感謝他們同你進行過的許多次徹夜長談，這為你的教育帶來了無法衡量的價值。當然，你還要感謝哈佛大學。不過即使你忘了這一點，校友會也會來提醒你。第二，在你們未來的人生中，做一個慷慨大方的人。在任何談判中，都把最後一點點利益留給對方。不要把桌上的錢都拿走。在合作中，要牢記榮譽不是一個守恆的量。成功合作的任何一方，都應獲得全部榮譽的90%。x0dx0a x0dx0aJimmy Stewart, as Elwood P. Dowd in the movie "Harvey" got it exactly right. He said: "Years ago my mother used to say to me, 'In this world, Elwood, you must be ... she always used to call me Elwood ... in this world, Elwood, you must be oh so smart or oh so pleasant.'" Well, for years I was smart. ... I recommend pleasant. You may quote me on that.x0dx0a電影《Harvey》中，Jimmy Stewart扮演的角色Elwood P. Dowd，就完全理解這一點。他說："多年前，母親曾經對我說，'Elwood，活在這個世界上，你要麼做一個聰明人，要麼做一個好人。'"我做聰明人，已經做了好多年了。......但是，我推薦你們做好人。你們可以引用我這句話。x0dx0a x0dx0aMy third piece of advice is as follows: As you begin this new stage of your lives, follow your passion. If you don't have a passion, don't be satisfied until you find one. Life is too short to go through it without caring deeply about something. When I was your age, I was incredibly single-minded in my goal to be a physicist. After college, I spent eight years as a graate student and postdoc at Berkeley, and then nine years at Bell Labs. During that my time, my central focus and professional joy was physics.x0dx0a我的第三個忠告是，當你開始生活的新階段時，請跟隨你的愛好。如果你沒有愛好，就去找，找不到就不罷休。生命太短暫，如果想有所成，你必須對某樣東西傾注你的深情。我在你們這個年齡，是超級的一根筋，我的目標就是非成為物理學家不可。本科畢業後，我在加州大學伯克利分校又待了8年，讀完了研究生，做完了博士後，然後去貝爾實驗室待了9年。在這些年中，我關注的中心和職業上的全部樂趣，都來自物理學。x0dx0a x0dx0aHere is my final piece of advice. Pursuing a personal passion is important, but it should not be your only goal. When you are old and gray, and look back on your life, you will want to be proud of what you have done. The source of that pride won't be the things you have acquired or the recognition you have received. It will be the lives you have touched and the difference you have made.x0dx0a我還有最後一個忠告，就是說興趣愛好固然重要，但是你不應該只考慮興趣愛好。當你白發蒼蒼、垂垂老矣、回首人生時，你需要為自己做過的事感到自豪。你的物質生活和得到的承認，都不會產生自豪。只有那些你出手相助、被你改變過的人和事，才會讓你產生自豪。x0dx0a x0dx0aAfter nine years at Bell labs, I decided to leave that warm, cozy ivory tower for what I considered to be the "real world," a university. Bell Labs, to quote what was said about Mary Poppins, was "practically perfect in every way," but I wanted to leave behind something more than scientific articles. I wanted to teach and give birth to my own set of scientific children.x0dx0a在貝爾實驗室待了9年後，我決定離開這個溫暖舒適的象牙塔，走進我眼中的"真實世界"----大學。我對貝爾實驗室的看法，就像別人形容電影Mary Poppins的話，"實際上完美無缺"。但是，我想為世界留下更多的東西，不只是科學論文。我要去教書，培育我自己在科學上的後代。x0dx0a x0dx0aTed Geballe, a friend and distinguished colleague of mine at Stanford, who also went from Berkeley to Bell Labs to Stanford years earlier, described our motives best:x0dx0a我在斯坦福大學有一個好友兼傑出同事Ted Geballe。他也是從伯克利分校去了貝爾實驗室，幾年前又離開貝爾實驗室去了斯坦福大學。他對我們的動機做出了最佳描述：x0dx0a x0dx0a"The best part of working at a university is the students. They come in fresh, enthusiastic, open to ideas, unscarred by the battles of life. They don't realize it, but they're the recipients of the best our society can offer. If a mind is ever free to be creative, that's the time. They come in believing textbooks are authoritative, but eventually they figure out that textbooks and professors don't know everything, and then they start to think on their own. Then, I begin learning from them."x0dx0a"在大學工作，最大的優點就是學生。他們生機勃勃，充滿熱情，思想自由，還沒被生活的重壓改變。雖然他們自己沒有意識到，但是他們是這個社會中你能找到的最佳受眾。如果生命中曾經有過思想自由和充滿創造力的時期，那麼那個時期就是你在讀大學。進校時，學生們對課本上的一字一句毫不懷疑，漸漸地，他們發現課本和教授並不是無所不知的，於是他們開始獨立思考。從那時起，就是我開始向他們學習了。"x0dx0a x0dx0aMy students, post doctoral fellows, and the young researchers who worked with me at Bell Labs, Stanford, and Berkeley have been extraordinary. Over 30 former group members are now professors, many at the best research institutions in the world, including Harvard. I have learned much from them. Even now, in rare moments on weekends, the remaining members of my biophysics group meet with me in the ether world of cyberspace.x0dx0a我教過的學生、帶過的博士後、合作過的年輕同事，都非常優秀。他們中有30多人，現在已經是教授了。他們所在的研究機構有不少是全世界第一流的，其中就包括哈佛大學。我從他們身上學到了很多東西。即使現在，我偶爾還會周末上網，向現在還從事生物物理學研究的學生請教。x0dx0a x0dx0aI began teaching with the idea of giving back; I received more than I gave. This brings me to the final movement of this speech. It begins with a story about an extraordinary scientific discovery and a new dilemma that it poses. It's a call to arms and about making a difference.x0dx0a我懷著回報社會的想法，開始了教學生涯。我的一生中，得到的多於我付出的，所以我要回報社會。這就引出了這次演講的最後一個樂章。首先我要講一個了不起的科學發現，以及由此帶來的新挑戰。它是一個戰斗的號令，到了做出改變的時候了。x0dx0a x0dx0ax0dx0a x0dx0ax0dx0a